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Pereira, Bento, S. I. (1606-1681)
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Bento Pereira, hijo de Francisco Pereira y de Catarina Rodrigues da Silva, nació en Borba en 1605. Al mismo tiempo que estudiaba en la Universidad de Évora, ingresó en la Compañía de Jesús. Tiempo más tarde, viajó a Lisboa donde se graduó en Retórica y Humanidades y tiempo después volvió a la Universidad de Évora para enseñar latín (1628-1633) y estudiar teología (1633-1637). Cuando terminó sus estudios, trabajó como docente en la misma universidad y se doctoró en 1647. Además, fue revisor de los libros de la Compañía de Jesús en Roma.
A pesar de que publicó ciertos trabajos relacionados con otros campos de saber, fue su producción lexicográfica la que más fama ha obtenido. En concreto, su repertorio de Prosodia, que justifica su presencia en la BVFE, se considera uno de los mayores corpus lingüísticos trilingües de la historia lexicográfica latina, portuguesa y española. La primera edición dio a luz en 1634 en Évora, a la que le siguieron cinco ediciones posteriores publicadas en Lisboa: 1653, 1661, 1669, 1674 y 1683.
Por otro lado, en 1647, mismo año en el que se doctoró, publicó Thesovro da Lingoa Portvgvesa, diccionario bilingüe portugués-latín, que perseguía la finalidad principal de facilitar y ayudar a los estudiantes portugueses en su adquisición y estudio de la lengua latina. En 1666 escribe unas Refras geraes, breves e comprehensivas da melhor ortografía, considerado un manual de ayuda para conseguir que los estudiantes minimicen sus errores a la hora de escribir en latín. El propio autor, en los preliminares de la obra admite que este repertorio debe adjuntarse a Prosodia, logrando así un completo aprendizaje en la manera de hablar y escribir: “Para se ajuntar à Prosodia”.
Finalmente, en 1672 da a luz su Ars Grammaticae pro Lingvua Lvsitana, que, escrita en latín, se considera la única obra gramatical portuguesa escrita por un jesuita y la primera en ser publicada fuera de Portugal.
Obra
- Ars Grammaticae pro Lingvua Lvsitana, addiscenda latino idiomate proponitur, Sumptibus Lavrentii Anisson, Lyon, 1672.
- Prosodia in vocabularium trilingüe, latinum, lusitanicum, y hispanicum digesta […], Ex oficina, y sumptibus Pauli Craesbeeck, Lisboa, 1653.
- Regras geraes breves, e comprehensivas da melhor ortografie, com que se podem evitar error no escrever da lingua Latina e Portugueza, Lisboa, Domingos Carneiro, 1666.
- Thesovro da Lingoa Portvgvesa, Ex oficina, y sumptibus Pauli Craesbeeck, Lisboa, 1847.
Bibliografía
- Corpus lexicográfico portugués, Universidad de Aveiro, Centro de Lingüística de la Universidad de Lisboa.
- Freire Cameron, Helena, O conjunto lexicográfico Prosodia (1634-1750) de Bento Pereira, Publicaçoes do Cidehus, Évora, 2018.
- Kemmler, Rolf, “Bento Pereira e a gramática portuguesa da Companhia de Jesus”, Confluencia: Revista do Instituto de Lingua portuguesa, Número comemorativo dos 30 anos de fundação da revista Confluência, págs. 489-518, 2021.
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