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Thorie, John (1568-¿?)

Vida

Son pocos los datos que se tienen de la vida de John Thorie (o Thorius, con su apellido latinizado), poeta, traductor y lexicógrafo de ascendencia flamenca nacido en Londres en 1568. Thorie se matriculó en Christ Church College en 1586 y allí fue discípulo de Antonio del Corro (1527-1591). En 1593 se vio envuelto en una disputa literaria entre Gabriel Harvey (1552 o 1553-1631) y Thomas Nashe (1567-ca. 1601). Conocedor de varios idiomas, Thorie tradujo al inglés el Tractado del conseio y de los conseieros de los príncipes (Antonio de Mariz, Coimbra, 1584) de Bartolomeu Filipe (o Bartolomé Felipe en español, 1480-1590 –murió con 110 años–), que fue publicado en 1589 (John Wolfe, Londres) con el título de The Counseller, a Treatise of Counsels and Counsellers of Princes, y el Espejo, y deceplina militar (Roger Velpius, Bruselas, 1589) de Francisco de Valdés (2ª mitad del s. XVI), publicado en 1590 (John Wolfe, Londres) como The Sergeant Major, or A Dialogue of the Office of a Sergeant Major. Posteriormente, tradujo del holandés al inglés A Spiritual Wedding (John Wolfe, Londres, 1597). Se desconoce la fecha de su muerte.

Thorie es importante para la filología española por su versión inglesa de las Reglas gramaticales para aprender la lengua española y francesa (1560) que Corro había compuesto cuando fue tutor de español de Enrique IV de Francia (1553-1610), y que fueron impresas en Oxford por Joseph Barnes en 1586; su adaptación de la gramática de Corro al inglés lleva por título The Spanish Grammer […]. With a Dictionarie Adioyned unto It […]. Aunque se trata de una versión preparada para los ingleses que desearan aprender español, Thorie no adaptó los ejemplos en español del texto, por lo que añadió al final de la obra un pequeño diccionario del español al inglés cuya macroestructura se basa en los ejemplos de la gramática de Corro. Este diccionario de apenas catorce páginas consta solamente de 953 lemas con una microestructura sencilla en forma de equivalentes, definiciones o glosas; sin embargo, tiene el mérito de ser el primer vocabulario bilingüe español-inglés que conocemos.

Obra

  • The Spanish Grammer: With Certeine Rules Teaching Both the Spanish and French Tongues. By Which They That Have Some Knowledge in the French Tongue, May the Easier Attaine to the Spanish, and Likewise They That Have the Spanish, with More Facilitie Learne the French: And They That Are Acquainted with Neither of Them, Learne Either or Both. Made in Spanish, by M. Anthonie de Corro. With a Dictionarie Adioyned unto It, of All the Spanish Wordes Cited in This Booke: And Other More Wordes Most Necessarie for All Such As Desire the Knowledge of the Same Tongue, John Wolfe, Londres, 1590.

Bibliografía

  • Baillie, Laureen (ed.), British Biographical Archive. A One-Alphabet Cumulation of 324 of the Most Important English-Language Biographical Reference Works Originally Published between 1601 and 1929, K. G. Saur, Múnich, 1984, microfichas 389 y 390.
  • Cardim, Luis, Gramáticas anglo-castelhanas e castelhano-ánglicas (1586- 1828), Impresa da Universidade, Coimbra, 1931, pág. 8.
  • Fernández, Heberto, Dictionaries and Vocabularies in Spanish and English from 1554 to 1740: Their Structure and Development, Vertere, Monográficos de la Revista Hermeneus Nº 12, Soria, Universidad de Valladolid, 2010, págs. 95-107.
  • Jones, Howard, «Thorius [Thorie], John», en Matthew, Henry Colin Gray y Brian Harrison (eds.), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. In Association with the British Academy. From the Earliest Times to the Year 2000, vol. 54, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2004, pág. 585.
  • Steiner, Roger J., Two Centuries of Spanish and English Bilingual Lexicography (1590-1800), Mouton, La Haya, 1970, págs. 15-16.
  • Ungerer, Gustav, «The Printing of Spanish Books in Elizabethan England», The Library. A Quarterly Journal of Bibliography, 20, nº 1 (Marzo), 1965, págs. 177-229.

Heberto Fernández

Last update of the Biblioteca Virtual de la Filología Española 21/04/2025

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