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Wiseman, Charles (¿?-1764-¿?)

Vida

Son prácticamente nulos los datos biográficos que nos han llegado de Charles Wiseman. Sabemos que fue notario público y traductor, pues lo hace constar junto a su nombre en la portada de la obra a que nos vamos a referir, donde además dice que es traductor de las lenguas contenidas en ella, a saber, español, francés, inglés, italiano y portugués.

Wiseman es autor, además de traducciones, de una gramática inglesa tanto para extranjeros como para nativos (A complete English grammar on a new plan. For the use of foreiners and such natives as would acquire a scientifical knowledge of their own tongue […], printed for W. Nicol, Londres, 1764), con abundantes referencias y comparaciones con el español, el italiano y el inglés, además del latín, y, en alguna ocasión, el neerlandés, con frecuentes listas de palabras. A la BVFE le interesa porque compuso un manual en cinco lenguas de cartas comerciales, Epistolae commerciales, or Commercial letters, que se completaba con unos vocabularios bilingües que tenían el inglés como lengua de salida. Por lo que se refiere al español, los dos vocabularios anunciados en la portada son «A Mercantile Vocabulary of the Spanish Language» –que es la portadilla común– (págs. 119-172) y «A Maritime Vocabulary of the Spanish Language» (págs. 173-196). El primero de ellos tiene dos partes diferentes, la primera es una nomenclatura (págs. 121-156), mientras que la segunda (págs. 157-172) contiene unas cuantas palabras relacionadas con el comercio ordenadas alfabéticamente por el español, con sus equivalentes ingleses, muestras de sus empleos, y explicaciones enciclopédicas, bajo el título de «Liciones praticables de la idioma y termos mercantil». La primera de estas partes es una rica nomenclatura que lleva, para el español, el título «Termos negociantes», y contiene un amplio conjunto de voces relacionadas con el comercio, ordenadas temáticamente en el interior de los epígrafes, diferente a las nomenclaturas publicadas con anterioridad.

La obra tuvo una nueva edición, sin cambios, quince años después (printed for J. Binns, B. Law, Ogilvy and Speare, and Vernor and Hood, Londres, 1794).

Obra

  • Epistolae commerciales, or Commercial letters, in five languages, viz. Italian, English, French, Spanish, and Portuguese, with their respective idioms distinctly pointed out, written on various interesting subjects, In the most modern mercantile style, as now practised. All which are carefully selected from the original letters, as they stand in the copy-books of the most eminent and principal merchants in Europe, both at home and abroad, and are exhibited under fictious names of persons, times, and places. The whole so metodically digested as to serve as models for regular commercial correspondence, in all, or any of the above languages. To which are added, mercantile and maritime Vocabularies of each tongue. Containing all such words as are applicable to commercial and naval affairs, with a specifical explanation of the several technical terms peculiar to each tongue, shewn by various examples never before attempted. The whole properly ranged according to their several and distinct branches, compiled from the works of the most eminent authors, both ancient and modern. With practical lessons thereon, natural, idiomatical, and metaphorical, printed for the Author, and sold by B. Law, Londres, 1779.

Bibliografía

  • Alvar Ezquerra, Manuel, Las nomenclaturas del español. Siglos XV-XIX, Liceus, Madrid, 2013, págs. 356-360.
  • Martín-Gamero, Sofía, La enseñanza del inglés en España. (Desde la Edad Media hasta el siglo XIX), Editorial Gredos, Madrid, 1961, pág. 76.

Manuel Alvar Ezquerra

Last update of the Biblioteca Virtual de la Filología Española 23/04/2024

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