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Escobar, Cristóbal de (ca. 1460-ante 1526)
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Lucio Cristóbal de Escobar, o Cristoforo Scobar, como también se le conoce con su nombre italianizado, nació en Niebla (Huelva) y fue discípulo de Elio Antonio de Nebrija. En Italia frecuentó a los humanistas de Roma y Messina, y permaneció el resto de su vida en Italia, en Sicilia, primero como titular de una capilla del Palacio Real de Palermo, después como canónigo en Agrigento y Siracusa (en esta última ciudad entre 1517 y 1522), donde abrió una escuela de latinidad. Contribuyó en buena medida a la difusión del Humanismo y de las doctrinas de Nebrija.
De su obra destaca su versión del diccionario nebrisense cuya primera parte es el Diccionario del sevillano dispuesto en tres columnas, a la izquierda el latín, en el centro el siciliano y a la derecha el español. Al final de cada serie de las dos primeras letras de las palabras ponía unos cuantos añadidos de su propia cosecha. La segunda parte es el Vocabulario de su maestro en el que se ha sustituido el español por el siciliano, de manera que es un repertorio bilingüe siciliano-latín.
Obra
- Vocabularium nebrissense ex latino sermone in siciliensem & hispaniensem denuo traductum, adiunctis insuper. L. Christophori Scobaris viri eruditissimi reconditissimis additionibus, Bernardinum Benalium Bergomensem, expensis nobilium virorum domini Dominici de Nesii florentini, & Marci Jacobi fidelium mercatorum, Venecia, 1520.
- Vocabularium nebrissense ex siciliensi sermone in latinum. L. Christophoro Schobare bethico interprete traductum, Bernardinum Benalium Bergomensem, expensis domini Dominici de Nesi florentini, & sociorum, Venecia, 1519.
Bibliografía
- Gallina, Annamaria, Contributi alla storia della lessicografia italo-espagnola dei secoli XVI e XVII, Leo S. Olschki, Florencia, 1959, págs. 15-24.
- Perroni Grande, Ludovico, "Notizie e documenti da servire per la Storia del libro in Sicilia nel secolo decimosesto", Atti della Reale Accademia peloritana. Classe di scienze storiche e filologiche e classe di lettere, filosofia e belle arti, Mesina, 1936, págs. 41- 61.
- Trapani, Filippa, "Gli antichi vocabolari siciliani (Senisio, Valla, Scobar)", Archivio storico siciliano, 7, 1941, págs. 1-101.
Manuel Alvar Ezquerra
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