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Alunno, Francesco (ca. 1485-1556)

Vida

Francesco Alunno, cuyo verdadero nombre era Francesco del Bailo, parece ser nacido en Ferrara alrededor de 1485, donde realizó sus primeros estudios. Después fue a Padua, y muy poco tiempo después a Venecia, ciudad en la que murió. Fue un conocido gramático, filósofo y calígrafo, pero destacó como lexicógrafo con Le ricchezze della lingua volgare, concebido como un repertorio léxico exhaustivo del Decamerón, con entradas y definiciones en italiano, debido a la necesidad que sentía por la unificación léxica, sintáctica y gramatical, motivo por el que compuso esta obra. Al final de la primera edición puso unas colecciones de palabras con las entradas en italiano y los equivalentes en otras lenguas. Ninguno de estos pequeños vocabularios volvió a imprimirse en las siguientes ediciones del texto. La más larga de ellas es la primera, con las entradas en italiano y su traducción al latín, y una de las más extensas es la que pone las traducciones al español. Tienen la particularidad de presentar las voces no en columnas, según es habitual en lexicografía, sino en líneas seguidas. Alunno fue autor de numerosas obras de carácter diverso, y de otro repertorio lexicográfico, Della Fabrica del mondo, monolingüe italiano, que más tarde fue empleado por Sebastián de Covarrubias a elaborar su Tesoro (1611).

Obra

  • Le ricchezze della lingua volgare, In casa de figliuoli di Aldo, Venecia, 1543.
  • Della Fabrica del mondo di M. Francesco Alunno da Ferrara, libri dieci. Ne quali si contengono li voci di Dante, del Petrarca, del Boccacio e d'altri buoni authori, N. Bascerini, Venecia, 1548.

Bibliografía

  • Gallina, Annamaria, Contributi alla storia della lessicografia italo-espagnola dei secoli XVI e XVII, Leo S. Olschki, Florencia, 1959, págs. 51-46.
  • Olivieri, Ornella, «I primi vocabolari italiani fino alla prima edizione della Crusca», Studi di Filologia Italiana, VI, 1942, págs. 64-192, en especial las págs. 127-149.
  • Poggi Salani, Teresa, «Venticinque anni di lessicografia italiana delle origini (leggere, scrivere e «politamente parlare»): note sull'idea di lingua», Historiographia Linguistica, IX-3, 1982, págs. 265-297, en especial las págs. 275-279 y 285-288.

Manuel Alvar Ezquerra

Last update of the Biblioteca Virtual de la Filología Española 03/04/2025

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