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Zúñiga, Dionisio, O. P. (ca. 1550-ca. 1620)
Record details
Vida
Dionisio de Zúñiga fue un misionero y lingüista, que vivió a caballo entre los siglos XVI y XVII, en los territorios de la antigua Capitanía General de Guatemala. Los datos conocidos sobre su vida son escasísimos: se sabe con certeza que perteneció a la primera generación criolla y que tenía orígenes familiares en el País Vasco. Las fechas de su nacimiento y muerte no se conservan, aunque se postula que alcanzó a vivir unos 70 años, que mediaron entre 1550 y 1620, aproximadamente. Desempeñó su actividad misional en el área de Chiapas, y llegó a ser un gran conocedor de las lenguas habladas por los naturales del país.
Ha pasado a la posteridad gracias a un trabajo sobre la lengua pocomchí, perteneciente al tronco mayense y empleada en el departamento de Alta Verapaz (Guatemala). El texto que ha llegado hasta nuestros días no es autógrafo, pues fue copiado por un religioso posterior, Pedro Morán, O. P. (¿?-1720-¿?), en torno a 1720, a partir del manuscrito original, datado en torno a 1614. Una copia mecanografiada y traducida al inglés del texto de 1720 se conserva en la biblioteca de la Brigham Young University (Probo, Utah, Estados Unidos). En 1991, el investigador René Acuña Sandoval (1929-actualidad) publicó su Arte breve y vocabularios de la lengua pok’om (Centro de Estudios Mayas, UNAM, Ciudad de México), donde recogió los manuscritos de fray Pedro Morán y de nuestro dominico.
Obra
- Arte breve y compendiosa de la lengua pocomchi de la provincia de la Verapaz, manuscrito.
Bibliografía
- Ruz Sosa, Mario Humberto, «Los herederos de Zipacna. Notas sobre la pesca en cinco grupos mayas coloniales», en A. Ciudad Ruiz, M.ª Y. Fernández Marquínez, J. M. García Campillo, M.ª J. Ponce de León, A. Lacadena García-Gallo y T. L. Sanz Castro (eds.), Anatomía de una civilización: aproximaciones interdisciplinares a la cultura maya, Sociedad Española de Estudios Mayas, Madrid, 1998, págs. 353-376.
Jaime Peña Arce
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