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Ballano, Antonio (¿?-1807)
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Antonio Ballano fue un médico madrileño conocido por ser el autor de la primera enciclopedia médica escrita en España en el siglo XIX, el Diccionario de medicina y cirugía, o Biblioteca manual médico-quirúrgica (1805-1807). Ejerció su profesión en el Hospital general y además fue profesor en el Real Estudio de Medicina Práctica de la Corte y censor en la Real Academia de Medicina de Madrid.
En el terreno de la filología, fue traductor junto a Bartolomé José Gallardo de la obra Arte de conservar la salud y prolongar la vida o tratado de higiene de Jean Baptiste Pressavin en 1803, y, dos años más tarde, en 1805, autor del ya mencionado Diccionario de medicina y cirugía, o Biblioteca manual médico-quirúrgica. Dedicado a su maestro, José Severo López, el médico tiene como objetivo realizar un repertorio completo del ámbito de la medicina en español, como los que ya había en otras disciplinas como la veterinaria, la botánica o la farmacia. Para ello, conforma un diccionario con partes dedicadas a la anatomía, a la fisiología, a la patología, a la higiene, a la medicina práctica o a la cirugía y un apartado que recoge las biografías de los médicos más importantes. En todas estas partes reconoce que toma como fuente a otros médicos y sus obras como Desault, Murray o Rochafon para conformar un total de siete volúmenes dedicados a la medicina. Sin embargo, Ballano solo pudo completar la escritura de los dos primeros debido a su fallecimiento en 1807 y la elaboración del diccionario fue continuada por sus discípulos hasta 1823, cuando el cirujano Manuel Hurtado de Mendoza publicó el Suplemento al diccionario de medicina y cirugía del profesor D. Antonio Ballano y dio por concluida la obra.
Obra
- Diccionario de medicina y cirugía, o Biblioteca manual médico-quirúrgica, Imprenta Real, Madrid, 1805-1807.
Bibliografía
- Miqueo, Consuelo, «Enciclopedismo médico: Cambio y progreso en el diccionario de medicina y cirugía de Antonio Ballano (1805-1823)» en María Dolores Gimeno Puyol Ernesto Viamonte Lucientes (coords), Los viajes de la Razón. Estudios dieciochistas en homenaje a María-Dolores Albiac Blanco, Institución Fernando el Católico, Zaragoza, 2015, págs 186-207.
María Luisa de la Rosa Reimúndez
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