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Casanova, José de (1613-1692)
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José de Casanova nació en Magallón (Zaragoza) en 1613. No hay constancia de su formación en el arte de escribir, pero se cree que pudo iniciarse en su ciudad natal. Se trasladó a Madrid en 1638 o 1639, habiendo ejercido previamente como oficial de un secretario de la cancillería en Valladolid. Al poco tiempo, abrió una escuela, que resultó ser una de las más reputadas de la ciudad. Participó activamente en la fundación de la Hermandad de San Casiano (1642), una organización que reguló la educación y congregó a los encargados de ella durante más de un siglo. Desde 1642, como sustituto, hasta 1667, fecha en la que renunció al cargo para dedicarse a otras actividades profesionales, fue examinador de maestros. Falleció en Madrid en 1692.
Antes de abandonar su dedicación a la enseñanza, publicó la Primera parte del arte de escrivir todas formas de letras, cuyo título revela que el proyecto contaba con un segundo volumen, del que apenas se tienen noticias y que nunca llegó a publicarse. El propósito de Casanova era poner a disposición de los alumnos un método para aprender a escribir los diferentes tipos de letra vigentes en la época; sin embargo, al verse malograda la segunda parte, quedó truncado. El primer tratado de los tres que componen la Primera parte está dedicado a la historia de la Caligrafía, a excepción del último capítulo que se reserva a la ortografía de la lengua española. Va seguido de dos tratados que combinan teoría caligráfica y láminas para la práctica de la las letras bastarda, agrifada y romanilla.
Obra
- Primera parte del arte de escrivir todas formas de letras, Diego Díaz de la Carrera, Madrid, 1650.
Bibliografía
- Cotarelo Mori, Emilio, Diccionario biográfico y bibliográfico de calígrafos españoles, vol. 1, Tip. de la «Revista de Arch., Bibl. y Museos», Madrid, 1916, págs. 182-203.
- Gutiérrez Cabrero, Ángel Manuel, La enseñanza de la caligrafía en España a través de los Artes de Escribir de los siglos XVI al XX: la construcción de un estilo de escritura, tesis doctoral presentada en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 2014.
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