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Châranza, Joseph (1801-¿?)
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El nombre de Joseph Châranza aparece en las páginas del Hof- und Staats-Schematismus des österreichischen Kaiserthums (1843) y el Lehrer-Schema (1843), relaciones del funcionariado de la ciudad de Viena –centrada la última en el ámbito de la educación. En estos exhaustivos listados figura Cháranza como doctor en Filología, profesor extraordinario de lengua y literatura españolas en la Universidad de Viena, y profesor de inglés, francés e italiano. Nació en la ciudad morava de Brünn –la actual Brno, segunda mayor ciudad de la República Checa– en 1801. Gracias a esas fuentes también sabemos que estudió allí, como mínimo, hasta los dieciséis años. El resto de información hemos de obtenerla de las palabras que el mismo Cháranza escribe en el prefacio del método de español Theoretisch-praktische spanische Sprachlehre (1839). Abre estos párrafos lamentando que los manuales de la época, que se publican, dice, bajo seudónimos, están tan mal estructurados que no permiten más que aprender algo de gramática del español, pero no un conocimiento profundo de la lengua.
Cháranza se propuso redactar una obra concisa, práctica y minuciosa, valiéndose para ello de las fuentes que consideraba mejores, como Vicente Salvá (1786-1849), «una estrella que brilla en el horizonte castellano». Reconoce que la búsqueda de concisión supone un límite, pero que sería imposible abrazar por entero la lengua española, «la hija más bella del latín, que deja atrás al resto de sus hermanas en la sublimidad de sus formas», a pesar de las veleidades de la historia, constituida por una sucesión de invasiones de pueblos que no hablaban lenguas romances.
Obra
- Theoretisch-praktische spanische Sprachlehre. Kritisch bearbeitet zum Selbstunterrichte, Peter Rohrmann, Viena, 1839.
Bibliografía
- Hof- und Staats-Schematismus des österreichischen Kaiserthums, Hof- und Staats-Aerarial Druckerey, Viena, 1843.
- Kaiser, Joseph, Lehrer-Schema, oder Ausweis des sämtlichen, in der Wiener-Erzdiöcese befindlichen, und an öffentlichen und Privatschulen, Lehr- und Erziehungsanstalten, welche der Schulen Oberaufsicht unterstehen , angestellten Lehr-Personales, a costa del autor, Viena, 1843, pág. 35.
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