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Córdova, Juan de, O. P. (1503-1595)
Record details
Vida
Este autor de extraordinaria longevidad nació en la ciudad andaluza de Córdoba –como pone de relieve su apellido– a comienzos del s. XVI. Su primera carrera fue la militar, sirviendo al emperador Carlos V (1500-1558) –primero– en los campos de Flandes, y después –en el otoño de 1529– en el primer sitio de Viena. Liberada la capital imperial, Córdova se embarcó hacia las Indias. En sus primeros años en el Nuevo Mundo participó en diversas expediciones, como la que encabezó Francisco Vázquez de Coronado (1510-1554) en busca de la mítica ciudad de Cíbola («El Dorado» del Norte). Tras este fracaso, y ya cansado de la vida militar, decidió tomar el hábito de Santo Domingo en el convento de México en 1543. En seguida (1547) marchó a la ciudad de Antequera (actual Oaxaca de Juárez, capital del estado mexicano de Oaxaca) e ingresó en el convento de Santo Domingo de Antequera (en la actualidad, exconvento de San Pablo) donde pasó el resto de su vida, alternando sus épocas de retiro con los viajes evangelizadores por la región. Parece que también volvió a España en más de una ocasión. Murió en 1595, cumplidos más de 90 años.
Merced a su contacto con los indios locales escribió dos importantes obras: Arte del idioma zapoteco y Vocabulario en lengua çapoteca, ambas impresas en México en 1578, la primera, por Pedro Balli, y la segunda, por Pedro Ocharte y Antonio Ricardo.
Obra
- Arte del idioma zapoteco, Pedro Balli, México, 1578.
- Vocabulario en lengua çapoteca, Pedro Ocharte y Antonio Ricardo, México, 1578.
Bibliografía
- Esparza Torres, Miguel Ángel, «De nuevo sobre las motivaciones, argumentos e ideario de los misioneros lingüistas. Fray Juan de Córdova y su Arte zapoteca», en María Luisa Calero, Alfonso Zamorano, F. Javier Perea, Mª del Carmen García Manga, María Martínez-Atienza (eds.), Métodos y resultados actuales en Historiografía Lingüística, Nodus Publikationen, Münster, I, 2014, págs. 158-172.
- Jiménez Moreno, Wigberto, «Fray Juan de Córdova y la lengua zapoteca», introducción del Vocabulario castellano-zapoteco de fr. Juan de Córdova, [Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia], México, 1942, págs. 7-37.
- Manrique Castañeda, Leonardo, «El zapoteco de fray Juan de Córdoba», Anuario de Letras, VI, 1966-1967, págs. 203-211.
Jaime Peña Arce
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