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Elwes, Alfred (1819-1888)

Vida

Alfred Elwes nació en Woolwich, Kent, en 1819. Estudió en Leiden, en Holanda, donde obtuvo el grado de doctor. De las escasas informaciones que tenemos sobre su vida sabemos que se trasladó a Italia, donde fue profesor de inglés en Livorno; años después volvió a Inglaterra donde llegó a ser presidente de la British Literary Society en 1857, cargo que desempeñó hasta el año siguiente. En 1870 fue nombrado traductor oficial de lenguas modernas. Falleció en Kesington en 1888.
Escritor, filólogo, gramático, lexicógrafo y traductor, Alfred Elwes manifestó muy temprano su interés por las cuestiones lingüísticas y las lenguas continentales; de hecho una de sus primeras obras conocidas data de 1846, A new and complete Italian grammar by Vergani. Autor de gramáticas y diccionarios de francés, italiano y portugués, por lo que respecta al español destacan dos obras: A grammar of the Spanish language, in a simple and practical form (1852) y A dictionary of the Spanish and English and English and Spanish languages  (1854).
La primera es una gramática práctica concebida para la enseñanza del español a los anglófonos. En el prefacio Elwes expone en detalle su opinión sobre la importancia del estudio de las lenguas modernas. La obra consta de dos partes, la primera dedicada a la fonética y la segunda en la que desarrolla la morfología y sintaxis. El autor concluye cada capítulo con un ejercicio.
Su aportación a la lexicografía bilingüe española merece una mención particular por su atención a las voces de especialidad, puesta de relieve en el título de su diccionario: […] together with a large number of new terms and words, now first inserted, used in engineering, mining, ec. La inclusión de las voces pertenecientes a los sectores de especialidad se debe a la pretensión de realizar un diccionario que útil a todas las clases de usuarios. El autor declara de haber consultado obras previas, en particular el diccionario de Meadows.

Obra

  • A grammar of the Spanish language, in a simple and practical form, J. Weale, Londres, 1852.
  • A Dictionary of the Spanish and English and English and Spanish languages comprising all the usual words in both tongues, with their proper accents, J. Weale, Londres, 1854.

Bibliografía

  • Allibone, Austin, A Critical Dictionary of English Literature and British and American Authors Living and Deceased, from the Earliest Accounts to the Latter Half of the Nineteenth Century, Trübner & Co., Londres, 1871, vol. III, pág. 2781.
  • Kirk, John Foster,  A Supplement to Allibone's Critical Dictionary of English Literature and British and American Authors, J. B. Lippincott & Co. , Philadelphia , 1891, pág. 555.
  • The British Controversialist, and Literary Magazine, Houlston and Wright, Londres, 1858, v. 5, pág. 279.
  • The British Controversialist, and Literary Magazine, Houlston and Wright, Londres, 1858, v. 6, pág. 192.
  • The Literary and Education Year Book for 1859, Kent and Co., Londres, 1858, pág. 274.
  • The Quarterly Journal of the British Literary Union, Preliminary Number, Longmans Green, & Co., Londres, 1868, pág. 34.

Mario Salvatore Corveddu

Last update of the Biblioteca Virtual de la Filología Española 15/04/2025

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