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Fuster, Justo Pastor (1761-1835)
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Justo Pastor Fuster y Taronger nació en Valencia en 1761. Fue un bibliófilo, estudioso y librero valenciano. Cursó estudios de filosofía en la Universidad de Valencia. Ya desde muy joven demostró una gran pasión bibliográfica, pues su padre se dedicaba al comercio de libros. Aunque la profesión de su padre le obligase a abandonar la carrera de Filosofía, no cesó nunca su empeño por dedicarse al estudio. También fue encuadernador y luchó en la Guerra de la Independencia (1808-1814). Murió en 1835.
En 1817, después de recopilar datos de numerosas bibliotecas como la del convento de Santo Domingo o de autores clásicos valencianos como Juan Sempere y Guarinos (1754-1830), Fuster comenzó a elaborar su Biblioteca valenciana de los escritores que florecieron hasta nuestros días, con adiciones y enmiendas a la de D. Vicente Ximeno (2 t., Imprenta y librería de José Ximeno, Valencia, 1827), en la que incluye un total de novecientos cuarenta y siete escritores valencianos anteriores al siglo XVIII. La obra está dedicada a la Real Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País de Valencia, entidad a la que pertenecía como socio y a la que pidió un préstamo para acometer su empresa. A la labor de Fuster se debe también el Breve vocabulario valenciano-castellano sacado de varios autores. Es un vocabulario que escribió el obispo valenciano de Osma, Honorato Juan Tristull (1507-1566), con la finalidad de que el príncipe Carlos de Austria (1545-1568), de quien era preceptor, hijo de Felipe II (1527-1598), pudiese entender la obra poética de Ausías March (1397-1459). Nuestro autor aumentó el repertorio con voces extraídas de otros diccionarios.
Obra
- Breve vocabulario valenciano-castellano sacado de varios autores, Imprenta de José Gimeno, Valencia, 1827.
Bibliografía
- Aleixandre Tena, Francisca, «Fonts bibliogràfiques valencianes. Tres repertoris clàssics: Rodríguez, Ximeno i Fuster», SAÓ Monogràfics, 7, 1990, págs.15-17.
- Almela i Vives, Francisco, El bibliógrafo Justo Pastor Fuster, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, 1945.
- Alpera, Lluìs, «Actituds lingüístiques dels lexicògrafs valencians del segle XIX», Caplletra. Revista Internacional de Filologia, 11, 1991, págs.51-68.
Juan Diéguez García
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