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Stepney, William (¿?-1591-¿?)

Vida

William Stepney fue profesor de español en Londres, aunque se desconocen la fecha y el lugar de su nacimiento. Pasó diez años fuera de Inglaterra y a su regreso preparó su única obra; se trata del Spanish Schoole-master, un manual para la enseñanza del español publicado por primera vez en 1591, poco después de la Bibliotheca Hispanica (John Jackson para Richard Watkins, Londres, 1591) de Richard Percyvall (¿1550? ¿1558?-1620). El manual fue reeditado con algunas modificaciones realizadas por John Grange (¿?-¿?) en 1619 y reimpreso al año siguiente, en ambos casos por Nicholas Okes para John Harison, Londres.

El libro de Stepney se enmarca en la tradición de los manuales para la enseñanza de idiomas al público general durante el Renacimiento; contiene siete diálogos, información gramatical sobre el español, textos religiosos, proverbios y una nomenclatura inglés-español de unas 1800 entradas. La fuente principal de la gramática son las Reglas gramaticales para aprender la lengua española y francesa (Joseph Barnes, Oxford, 1586) de Antonio del Corro (1527-1591), mientras que los diálogos provienen de alguno de los numerosos derivados multilingües del Vocabulaire de nouveau ordonné & de rechief recorrigé pour apprendre legierement a bien lire escripre & parler francois & flameng […] (Willen Vorsterman, Amberes, 1536), un manual flamenco-francés compilado por Noel van Barlement (o de Berlaimont, ¿?-¿1531?). Por otra parte, la nomenclatura proviene probablemente de alguna de las ediciones plurilingües del anónimo [L]ibro el quale si chiama introito e porta de quele che voleno imparare e cõprender todescho a latino, cioe italiano [...] (Adamo de Roduila, Venecia, 1477). La nomenclatura bilingüe, en particular, tiene una microestructura muy sencilla, limitada a uno o dos equivalentes. Resultan variadas las fuentes que Stepney consultó para compilar su manual y esto hace que no sea completamente original; sin embargo, puede decirse que resultó, junto con la gramática y el diccionario de Percyvall, una obra pionera para la enseñanza y difusión del español en Inglaterra a finales del siglo XVI.

Obra

  • The Spanish Schoole-master. Containing seven dialogues, according to every day in the weeke, and what is necessarie everie day to be done, wherein is also most plainly shewed the true and perfect pronunciation of the Spanish tongue, toward the furtherance of all those which are desirous to learne the said tongue within this our realme of England. Whereunto, besides seven dialogues, are annexed most fine proverbs and sentences, as also the lords prayer, the articles of our beliefe, the ten commandements, and a vocabularie, with divers other things necessarie to be knowne in the said tongue. Newly collected and set forth by W. Stepney, professor of the said tongue in the famous citie of London, R. Field para John Harison, Londres, 1591.

Bibliografía

  • Alvar Ezquerra, Manuel, Las nomenclaturas del español. Siglos XV-XIX, Liceus, Madrid, 2013, págs. 56-61.
  • Alonso, Amado, «Formación del timbre ciceante en la c, z españolas (I)», Nueva Revista de Filología Hispánica, 5, nº 2, 1951, págs. 121-172.
  • Alonso, Dámaso, «Una distinción temprana entre “b” y “d” fricativas», Revista de Filología Española, XVIII, 1931, págs. 15-23.
  • Ayala Castro, Marta C., «Nomenclatures de l’espagnol (1526-1800). Considérations générales sur la nature et la fonction des nomenclatures», Cahiers de lexicologie, 61, nº 2, 1992, págs. 127-160.
  • Bourland, Caroline B., «The Spanish Schoole-Master and the Polyglot Derivatives of Noel de Berlaimont’s Vocabulaire», Revue Hispanique, 81, Première Partie, 1933, págs. 283-318.
  • Cardim, Luis, Gramáticas anglo-castelhanas e castelhano-ánglicas (1586- 1828), Impresa da Universidade, Coimbra, 1931, págs. 8-9 y 13.
  • Fernández, Heberto, Dictionaries and Vocabularies in Spanish and English from 1554 to 1740: Their Structure and Development, Vertere, Monográficos de la Revista Hermeneus Nº 12, Soria, Universidad de Valladolid, 2010, págs. 130-156.
  • Foulché-Delbosc, Raymond [Marcel Gauthier], «Diálogos de antaño», Revue Hispanique, 45, 1919, págs. 34-238.
  • Nieto, Lidio, «Vocabularios y glosarios del español en los siglos XIV al XVI», Revista de Filología Española, LXXX, nº 1-2, 2000, págs. 155-180.
  • Sánchez, Aquilino, «El foco británico: De A. del Corro a J. Sanford», en José J. Gómez Asencio (dir.), El castellano y su codificación gramatical, vol. I, De 1492 (A. de Nebrija) a 1611 (John Sanford), Instituto Castellano y Leonés de la Lengua, Burgos, 2006, págs. 255-300, y en concreto las págs. 271-275.
  • Ungerer, Gustav, «The Printing of Spanish Books in Elizabethan England», The Library. A Quarterly Journal of Bibliography, 20, nº 1 (marzo), 1965, págs. 177-229.

Heberto Fernández

Last update of the Biblioteca Virtual de la Filología Española 03/04/2025

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